和合設計 (inclusive design),又稱包容設計或共融設計,號稱全人類設計 (design for the whole population),是英國的習慣用語,其定義為:對於主流產品或服務的設計,其設計理念應該是盡可能以全球性的消費者為考量,設計出可親近的、可使用的產品或服務;並且能彈性運用在各式各樣的不同情況下,對於能力不同的使用者,可以不用有太複雜的調整或專業的設計。
(inclusive design: design of mainstream products and/or services that are accessible to, and usable by, as many people as reasonably possible on a global basis, in a wide variety of situations and to the greatest extent possible without the need for special adaption or specialized design. )
ISO/IEC Guide 71:2001《標準發展者處理高齡及身心障礙者需要之指導綱要》(Guidelines for standards developers to address the needs for older persons and persons with disabilities) 「3.2 可及設計 (accessible design)」對於可及設計 一詞定義的第 1 個註釋說明原文如下:
NOTE 1. Terms such as design for all, barrier-free design, inclusive design and transgenerational design are used similarly but in different context.
CNS 15550:2012 為 ISO/IEC Guide 71:2001 等同採用的國家標準,從 NOTE 1 的翻譯:「備考 1:例如一體性的設計、可及性設計、概括性設計及跨世代設計等皆為類似用語,惟其係指不同情況。」,CNS 將和合設計 (inclusive design) 翻譯為概括性設計、可及設計 (accessible design) 翻譯為可及性設計或無障礙設計。
ISO 6385:2004, Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems(工作系統設計之人因工程原則)
ISO 13066-1:2011, Information technology - Interoperability with assistive technology (AT) - Part 1: Requirements and recommendations for interoperability(資通 - 輔助科技之互用性 - 需求及建議)
ISO 20282-1:2006, Ease of operation of everyday products - Part 1: Design requirements for context of use and user characteristics
ISO/TS 20282-2:2006 (withdrawn), Ease of operation of everyday products - Part 2: Test method for walk-up-and-use products (revised by ISO/TR 20282-2:2013)
ISO/TS 20282-2:2013, Usability of consumer productsa and products for public use - Part 2: Summative test method
ISO/PAS 20282-3:2007 (withdrawn), Ease of operation of everyday products - Part 3: Test method for consumer products (revised by ISO/TR 20282-2:2013)
ISO/PAS 20282-4:2007 (withdrawn), Ease of operation of everyday products - Part 4: Test method for instabllation of consumer products (revised by ISO/TR 20282-2:2013)
ISO/IEC 24786:2009, Information technology - User interface - Accessible user interface for accessibility settings(資通 - 使用者介面 - 用於無障礙設計之可及性使用介面)
ISO 26800:2011,Ergonomics - General approach, principles and concepts (人因工程一般方法、原則和概念)
ISO 28802:2012,Ergonomics of the physical environment - Assessment of environments by means of an environmental survey involving physical measurements of the environment and subjective responses of people (物理環境之人因工程 - 環境之評估)
ISO 28803:2012, Ergonomics of the physical environment - Application of International Standards to people with special requirements(物理環境之人因工程 - 對特殊需求者之國際標準應用)
ISO 29138-1:2009, Information technology - Accessibility considerations for people with disabilities - Part 1: User needs summary(無障礙資訊科技 - 使用者需求)
ISO 29138-2:2009, Information technology - Accessibility considerations for people with disabilities - Part 2: Standards inventory(無障礙資訊科技 - 標準的盤點)
ISO 29138-3:2009, Information technology - Accessibility considerations for people with disabilities - Part 3: Guidance on user needs mappings(無障礙資訊科技 - 使用者需求構圖之指引)
Inclusive design constitutes a strategic framework and associated processes by which business decision-makers and design practitioners can understand and respond to the needs of diverse groups of users. The ultmate goal is to develop products and services that can meet the needs of the whole population.