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標題: NSWC 機械設備可靠度預估程序手冊 [打印本頁]
作者: hlperng    時間: 2013-4-21 08:19:46     標題: NSWC 機械設備可靠度預估程序手冊

本帖最後由 hlperng 於 2022-8-26 08:24 編輯

機械設備可靠度預估程序手冊
Handbook of Reliability Prediction Procedures for Mechanical Equipment

發行組織：美國海軍 Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) Carderock Division (CD)
此手冊沒有明確的編號，封面上寫著 NSWC-11。目前版本為2011年5月，依照文件變更說明，2011年版本為E版。

此手冊 2011 年版可在 NSWC 網站免費下載：NSWC-11, Handbook of Reliability Prediction Procedures for Mechanical Equipment


目錄
第1章 概述 (Introduction)
第2章 定義 (Definitions)
第3章 密封與墊圈 (Seals and Gaskets)
第4章 彈簧 (Springs) (Compression Spring, Extension Spring, Torsion Spring, Wave Washer, Belleville Washer, Cantilever Spring, Beam Spring)
第5章 電磁閥與接觸器 (Solenoirds, Contactors)
第6章 閥門總成 (Valve Assemblies)
第7章 軸承 (Bearings)
第8章 齒輪與齒條 (Gears and Splines)
第9章 致動器 (Actuators)
第10章 幫浦 (Pumps) (Pump Seals, Pump Shaft, Pump Bearings, Pump Casing, Fluid Driver)
第11章 流體濾清器 (Fluid Filters)
第12章 煞車與離合器 (Brakes and Clutches)
第13章 壓縮機 (Compressors) (Compressor Assembly, Casing, Design Configuration)
第14章 電動馬達 (Electrical Motors)
第15章 累積器與儲存器 (Accumulators, Reservoirs) (Seals, Springs, Piston and Cylinder, Valves, Structure)
第16章 螺紋緊固件 (Threaded Fasteners)
第17章 機械聯接器 (Mechanical Couplers) (Mechanical Coupling, Universal Joint, Coupling Housing)
第18章 滑塊曲柄機構 (Slider Crank Mechanisms)
第19章 感知器與換能器 (Sensors and Transducers)
第20章 軸桿 (Shafts)
第21章 皮帶與鏈條驅動器 (Belts and Chain Drives)
第22章 流體傳導器 (Fluid Conductors) (Pipe, Tube, Hose)
第23章 雜項零件 (Miscellaneous Parts)  (Axle, Bolt, Bushing, Cam Mechanism, Fitting, Flywheel, Hinge, Keys and Pins, Pillow Block, Power Screws, Rivet, Set Crew, Wire Rope)
第24章 設備可用度設計分析 (Design Analysis of Equipment Availability)
第25章 引用資料
索引
圖1-1說明環境與操作應力對機械零件的效應
[attach]228[/attach]

NSWC 處理機械零件沿用 MIL-HDBK-217 的概念，以失效率表示機械可靠度指標。例如，壓縮彈簧的失效率為：

[tex] \lambda_{sp} = \lambda_{sp_b} (\frac {S_G} {T_G})^3 [/tex]

式中S[sub]G[/sub]為實際應力(psi)、T[sub]G[/sub]為材料抗拉強度(psi)。



作者: hlperng    時間: 2013-4-21 13:57:51     標題: NSWC機械設備可靠度預估程序手冊版本及機械零件種類進化

本帖最後由 hlperng 於 2013-8-23 12:15 編輯

Handbook of Reliability Prediction Proceduers for Mechanical Equipment

May, 1992

March, 1994

January, 2006

January, 2010

May, 2011

3. 密封與墊片(Seals and Gaskets)3. 密封與墊片(Seals and Gaskets)3. 密封與墊片(Seals and Gaskets)3. 密封與墊片(Seals and Gaskets)3. 密封與墊片(Seals and Gaskets)
4. 彈簧(Springs)4. 彈簧(Springs)4. 彈簧(Springs)4. 彈簧(Springs)4. 彈簧(Springs)
5. 電磁閥(Solenoids)5.  電磁閥(Solenoids)5.  電磁閥與接觸器(Solenoids, Contactors)5.  電磁閥與接觸器(Solenoids, Contactors)5.  電磁閥與接觸器(Solenoids, Contactors)
6. 閥門總成(Valve Assemblies)6. 閥門總成(Valve Assemblies)6. 閥門總成(Valve Assemblies)6. 閥門總成(Valve Assemblies)6. 閥門總成(Valve Assemblies)
7. 軸承(Bearings)7. 軸承(Bearings)7. 軸承(Bearings)7. 軸承(Bearings)7. 軸承(Bearings)
8. 齒輪與花鍵(Gears and Splines)8. 齒輪與花鍵(Gears and Splines)8. 齒輪與花鍵(Gears and Splines)8. 齒輪與花鍵(Gears and Splines)8. 齒輪與花鍵(Gears and Splines)
9. 致動器(Actuators)9. 致動器(Actuators)9. 致動器(Actuators)9. 致動器(Actuators)9. 致動器(Actuators)
10. 泵或幫浦(Pumps)10. 泵或幫浦(Pumps)10. 泵或幫浦(Pumps)10. 泵或幫浦(Pumps)10. 泵或幫浦(Pumps)
11. 濾清器(Filters)11. 濾清器(Filters)11. 濾清器(Filters)11. 濾清器(Filters)11. 濾清器(Filters)
12. 剎車與離合器(Brakes and Clutches 12. 剎車與離合器(Brakes and Clutches)12. 剎車與離合器(Brakes and Clutches)12. 剎車與離合器(Brakes and Clutches)12. 剎車與離合器(Brakes and Clutches)
13. 壓縮機(Compressors)13. 壓縮機(Compressors)13. 壓縮機(Compressors)13. 壓縮機(Compressors)13. 壓縮機(Compressors)
14. 電動馬達(Electric Motors)14. 電動馬達(Electric Motors)14. 電動馬達(Electric Motors)14. 電動馬達(Electric Motors)14. 電動馬達(Electric Motors)
15. 累積器、儲存器與壓力容器(Accumulators, Reservoirs, and Pressure Vessels)15. 累積器、儲存器(Accumulators, Reservoirs)15. 累積器、儲存器(Accumulators, Reservoirs)15. 累積器、儲存器(Accumulators, Reservoirs)15. 累積器、儲存器(Accumulators, Reservoirs)
16. 螺紋緊固件(Threaded Fasteners)16. 螺紋緊固件(Threaded Fasteners)16. 螺紋緊固件(Threaded Fasteners)16. 螺紋緊固件(Threaded Fasteners)16. 螺紋緊固件(Threaded Fasteners)
17. 機械聯接器(Mechanical Couplings)17. 機械聯接器(Mechanical Couplings)17. 機械聯接器(Mechanical Couplings)17. 機械聯接器(Mechanical Couplings) 17. 機械聯接器(Mechanical Couplings)  
18. 滑塊曲柄機構(Slider-Crank Mechanisms)18. 滑塊曲柄機構(Slide-Crank Mechanisms)18. 滑塊曲柄機構(Slide-Crank Mechanisms)  18. 滑塊曲柄機構(Slide-Crank Mechanisms)18. 滑塊曲柄機構(Slide-Crank Mechanisms)
19. 感知器與換能器(Sensors and Transducers)19. 感知器與換能器(Sensors and Transducers)  19. 感知器與換能器(Sensors and Transducers)  19. 感知器與換能器(Sensors and Transducers)  
20. 軸(Shafts)20. 軸(Shafts)20. 軸(Shafts)
21. 皮帶與鏈條驅動(Belts and Chain Drives)21. 皮帶與鏈條驅動(Belts and Chain Drives)21. 皮帶與鏈條驅動(Belts and Chain Drives)
22. 流體傳導器(Fluid Conductors)22. 流體傳導器(Fluid Conductors)  22. 流體傳導器(Fluid Conductors)  
23. 雜項零件(Miscellaneous Parts)23. 雜項零件(Miscellaneous Parts)


作者: hlperng    時間: 2013-4-21 14:49:36     標題: NSWC 機械零件基本失效率

本帖最後由 hlperng 於 2022-8-25 19:37 編輯

NSWC-11各種機械零件之基本失效率彙整如下表，表中機械零件的基本失效率，依照零件的操作使用特性，共有兩種單位：(1) 以百萬操作小時之單位時間失效次數(fpmh)、及(2) 以百萬操作次數為單位的單位次數失效次數(fpmo)：

零件名稱

基本失效率

零件名稱

基本失效率

零件名稱

基本失效率

零件名稱

基本失效率

活門
Poppet

1.40 fpmh

彈簧
Spring

23.80 fpmh

密封
Seal

2.40 fpmh

動態密封
Dynamic Seal

22.8 fpmh

機械式密封
Mechanical Seal

22.8 fpmh

扭力彈簧
Torsion Spring

14.30 fpmh

曲面墊片
Curved Washer

1.10 fpmh

波浪型墊片
Wave Washer

1.90 fpmh

碟形墊片
Belleville Washer

2.60 fpmh

懸臂彈簧
Cantilever Spring

1.10 fpmh

梁彈簧
Beam Spring

4.40 fpmh

電磁閥
Solenoid

2.77 fpmh

接觸器總成，阻抗負載
Contactor Assembly, Resistive Load

1.10 fpmo

接觸器總成，電感負載
Contactor Assembly, Inductive Load

3.60 fpmo

接觸器總成，直流負載
Contactor  Assembly, DC Load

2.50 fpmo

滑塊作動閥門
Sliding Action Valve

1.25 fpmo

離心泵，開式/閉式葉輪
Centrifugal Pump, Closed/Open Impellers

0.20 fpmh

離心泵，開式/半開式/閉式葉輪
Centrifugal Pump, Open/Semi-Open/Closed Impellers

0.12 fpmh

離心泵，單級/多級
Centrifugal Pump, Single Stage/Multi Stage

0.20 fpmh


Displacement Pump, Piston/Plunger

1.18 fpmh

Displacement Pump, Diaphragm

0.58 fpmh

Displacement Pump, Vane

0.40 fpmh

Displacement Pump, Piston

1.05 fpmh

Displacement Pump, Gear

0.75 fpmh

Displacement Pump, Lobe

0.45 fpmh

Displacemnet Pump, Screw

0.58 fpmh

Filter

2.53 fpmh

Compressor Casing

0.01 fpmh

Compressor Diaphragm

0.58 fpmh

Electrical Motor Winding

40.0 fpmh

DC Motor

2.17 fpmh

DC Brushless Motor

1.75 fpmh

AC Single Phase Motor

6.90 fpmh

AC Polyphase Motor

10.00 fpmh

Accumulator Cylinder

0.001 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 1, 1/4 - 1 1/2 in, 33 kpsi

0.260 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 2, 1/4 - 3/4 in, 55 kpsi

0.156 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 2, 3/4 - 1 1/2 in, 33 kpsi

0.260 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 4, 1/4 - 1 1/2 in, 65 kpsi

0.132 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 5, 1/4 - 1 in, 85 kpsi

0.101 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 5, 1 - 1 1/2 in, 74 kpsi

0.116 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 5, 1 1/2 - 3 in, 55 kpsi

0.156 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 7, 1/4 - 1 1/2 in, 105 kpsi

0.082 fpmh

Fastener, SAE 8, 1/4 - 1 1/2 in, 120 kpsi

0.072 fpmh

Fastener, ISO 4.6, - to 1 1/2, 33 kpsi

0.260 fpmh

Fastener, ISO 5.8, - to 1 1/2 in, 55 kpsi

0.156 fpmh

Fastener, ISO 8.8, - to 1 1/2 in, 85 kpsi

0.101 fpmh

Fastener, ISO 10.9, - to 1 1/2 in, 120 kpsi

0.072 fpmh

Fastener, ASTM A325, 1/2 - 1 in, 80 kspi

0.107 fpmh

Fastener, ASTM A325, 1 1/8 - 1 1/2 in, 74 kpsi

0.116 fpmh

Fastener, ASTM A354, BB, 1/4 - 2 1/2 in, 80 kpsi

0.107 fpmh

Fastener, ASTM A354, BB, 2 3/4 - 4 in, 75 kpsi

0.114 fpmh

Fastener, ASTM A354, BC, 1/4 - 2 1/2 in, 105 kpsi

0.082 fpmp

Fastener, ASTM A354, BC, 2 3/4 - 4 in, 95 kpsi

0.090 fpmh

Fastener, ASTM A354, BD,  1/4 - 1 1/2 in, 120 kpsi

0.072 fpmh

Fastener, ASTM A490, 1/2 - 1 1/2 in, 120 kpsi

0.072 fpmh

Mechanical Coupler

5.00 fpmh

Mechanical Coupler Housing

0.001 fpmh

RTD Thermal Sensor

1.50 fpmh

Thermistor

3.50 fpmh

Thermocouple

5.00 fpmh

Infrared Thermal Sensor

7.50 fpmh

Thermostat

20.00 fpmh

Force Transducer

4.00 fpmh

Strain Gauge, Resistive

7.50 fpmh

Strain Gauge, Semiconductor

23.00 fpmh

Torque Transducer, Magnetic

4.50 fpmh

Load Cell, Strain Gauge

23.00 fpmh

Fluid Pressure Sensor

13.00 fpmh

Fluid Flow Sensor

14.30 fpmh

Fluid Level Sensor

10.70 fpmh

Air Flow Sensor

8.50 fpmh

Photodiode

0.16 fpmh

Phototransistor

0.65 fpmh

Photodetector  

0.03 fpmh

Infrared Optical Sensor

7.50 fpmh

Solar Cell

1.00 fpmh

Analog Potentiometer

1.50  fpmh

Digital Potentiometer

2.50 fpmh

Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT )

7.50 fpmh

Optical Ratory Encoder

8.00 fpmh

Magnetic Rotary Encoder

5.00 fpmh

Linear Diplacement Sensor

2.50 fpmh

Rotary Displacement Sensor

3.50 fpmh

Capacitive Displacement Sensor

10.70 fpmh

Inductive Displacement Sensor

8.50 fpmh

Hall Effect Velocity Sensor

2.50 fpmh

Electromagnetic Velocity Sensor

3.50 fpmh

Rotational Velocity Sensor

2.50 fpmh

Optical-Photo Motion Sensor

0.16 fpmh

Optical-Infrared Motion Sensor

7.50 fpmh

Electromagnetic Proximity Sensor

15.38 fpmh

Infrared Proximity Sensor

7.50 fpmh

Altitude Sensor

3.39 fpmh

Resistive Humidity Sensor

20.44 fpmh

Capacitive Humidity Sensor

20.44 fpmh

Piezoresistive Accelerometer

15.00 fpmh

Piezoelectric Accelerometer

13.00 fpmh

Strain Gauge

23.00 fpmh

Ionization Smoke Detector

8.00 fpmh

Photoelectric Smoke Detector

6.50 fpmh

Belt

40.00 fpmh

Chain

15.00 fpmh

Pipe Assembly

0.47 fpmh

Tube Assembly

1.33 fpmh

Hose Assembly

1.85 fpmh

Axle Shaft

0.01 fpmh

Bolt

0.12 fpmh

Bushing

0.72 fpmh

Cam Mechanism

6.10 fpmh

Threaded Fitting

1.30 fpmh

Quick Disconnect Fitting

2.40 fpmh

Flywheel

0.20 fpmh

Hinge

0.50 fpmh

Keys and Pins

0.35 fpmh

Pillow Block

5.00 fpmh

Rivet

0.08 fpmh

 Setscrew

0.35 fpmh

Wire Rope

17.50 fpmh





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